It grows to 19–59 inches tall, with leaves up to 17 inches long and  1⁄2 inch broad. The leaves are hairless, rolled rather than folded, and the lower sheaths turn dark brown. It flowers from June until September. It grows well in heavy soil, and is noted for its resistance to cold and drought, and thus ability to grow in dry upland or poor sandy soils. It is commonly grown for cattle feed and, in particular, as hay for horses. It is relatively high in fiber, especially when cut late.Timothy hay is a staple food for domestic pet rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, and degus, often making up the bulk of their diet. Timothy hay is rich in long fiber and its abrasive texture helps to grind down the teeth, keeping both the teeth and jaw in good order.