This liquid extract made from the Wild harvested dried Boldo Leaf from Chile and Fringe tree (Chionanthus virginicus) bark from the USA. Boldo also known as: Peumus boldus, Boldea fragrans, Boldine, Boldoak Boldea, Boldo Folium, Boldus, Boldus Boldus, Peumus fragrans. Boldo is an evergreen shrub most commonly found in Chile, but also occurring in other parts of South America including Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. Boldo has since become naturalized outside its native range, with small populations in Europe and Africa. The waxy leaves are highly aromatic to the point of being unpleasantly pungent when crushed. The boldo plant produces small green fruits that are sweet with a pleasant taste. Archaeologists excavating in the Monte Verde region of southern Chile have found boldo in combination with 22 other herbs wrapped in a seaweed basket estimated to be 12,500 years old. Boldo contains alkaloids (boldine) and flavonoids, as well as ascaridole, camphor, cineole, linalool, limonene, b-pinene, rhamnetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, resin, and tannins. Fringe tree also known as: Chionanthus virginica, Old Man's beard, Snowdrop tree, Grancy Gray Beard, Greybeard tree. Fringe tree is small tree or shrub that is native to the North American continent, but is predominantly found in the eastern United States from Tennessee to Pennsylvania, bearing white flowers with fringe-like petals in June, giving the plant its name. It is considered one of the continents most beautiful native plants. The white fringe of the flowers looks like ethereal cotton or white clouds. It has large leaves like those of the magnolia. The almost-odorless root bark is gathered, washed, and dried for medicinal use. It has all but eluded modern horticulturists in growing it on a commercial scale, either by cutting or grafting. Most plants seen in gardens are from seeds which require over two years to germinate, if at all. Fringe tree contains bitters, saponins, phyllyrin, chionanthin.